Poena capitalis







Athenienses poena capitale saeculo 5 a.C.n usi sunt; hae capsae e carcere Atheniensi medicamenta aut venena continuerunt, fortasse sicut venenum quod debuit bibere Socrates.





Caesar Beccaria, Dei delitti e delle pene


Poena capitalis, vel poena mortis (Anglice saepe death penalty ; Francice peine de mort ; Russice смертная казнь), vel supplicium, est iudicium mortis in hominem per actionem forensem ad obsequendum delictum latum, pessima poena qua res publica uti potest. Maleficia ex quibus poena capitalis consequi possunt delicta capitalis vel maleficia capitalia appellantur. Verbum capitalis ex capite deducitur; ergo, delictum capitale primum fuit maleficium cuius poena fuit separatio capitis a corpore (Kronenwetter 2001:202).


Poena mortis est per tempora historica et regiones orbis terrarum usitata. Primum in historia, Caesar Beccaria abrogationem poenae capitalis postulavit. In publicis rebus, sicut in Italia et Francia, necare aliquem omnino prohibetur, sed poena capitalis sinitur, ob aliquas leges in quibusdam ex Civitatum Foederatarum adhibitas, quamquam raro, et alicubi saepe in regionibus ubi populus religioni Islamicae favet. Nunc Consilium Europae omnes poenas capitales ab Europaea Conventione de Iuribus Humanis cum? suo protocollo XIII prohibet apud ius vitae. Et Charta de iuribus fundamentalibus Unionis Europaeae cum articulo II hanc abolevit. Etiam Amnestia Internationalis absolutam abrogationem poenae capitalis postulat, iuris vitae causa.


Multae sunt species poenae capitalis, exempli gratia:



  • Damnatio ad bestias

  • Damnatio ad furcam

  • Vivi crematio


Nexus interni



  • Caesar Beccaria

  • Consociationis Nationum moratorium de poena capitali

  • Controversia de poena capitali

  • Dies poenam capitalem abrogandi

  • Summa supplicia



Notae |




Bibliographia |



  • Gaie, Joseph B. R. 2004. The ethics of medical involvement in capital punishment: a philosophical discussion. Kluwer Academic. ISBN 1402017642. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • Kronenwetter, Michael. 2001. Capital punishment: a reference handbook. Ed. 2a. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1576074323. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • McCafferty, James A. 2010. Capital Punishment. AldineTransaction. ISBN 9780202363288. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • Mandery, Evan J. 2005. Capital punishment: a balanced examination. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 0763733083. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • Marzilli, Alan. 2008. Capital Punishment: Point-counterpoint. Ed. 2a. Chelsea House. ISBN 9780791097960. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • Simon, Rita. 2007. A comparative analysis of capital punishment: statutes, policies, frequencies, and public attitudes the world over. Lexington Books. ISBN 0739120913. (Paginae selectae. apud Google Books)

  • Woolf, Alex. 2004. World issues: Capital Punishment. Chrysalis Education. ISBN 1593891555.


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